Pathogen

Epidemiology

• Blood transfusion

Clinical features

• Incubation period 2-15 days

• Most are self-limiting

• Fever, headache

• Dengue-like: Muscle pain, rash, lymphadenopathy

• Sometimes: encephalitis... , parkinsons syndr, polio-like illness

• Rarely, pancreatitis, hepatitis

Diagnosis

• Clinical signs...

• Virus isolation: CSF sample, brain

• Nucleic acid: RT-PCR (but viraemia finished when encephalitis started)

• Antibody (HI, IFA, CF, ELISA): IgM in serum or CSF

Treatment

• No specific treatment, supportive

Prevention

History

• Outbreaks in the USA in 2002 and 2003